雅思阅读之分词短语做后置定语相关介绍

2020-05-25| 发布者: admin| 查看: |

      1. the most common procedure for doing this is negotiation, the act ofcommunication intended to reach agreement.

  结构分析:过去分词短语intended to reach agreement是the act of communication的后置定语,theact of communication intended to reach agreement是negotiation的同位语,对

  negotiation进行解释。

  中文译文:做这件事的最常用的方法是谈判—一种想要达成一致的交流的行为。

  小窍门:过去分词短语做后置定语在IELTS阅读中经常出现。因为形式相同.有时,容易理解为谓语(过去式).从而造成理解上的障碍。怎样区分动词加ed形式是谓语(过去式),还是后置定语(过去分词短语)呢?有两种方法:

  (1看它与前面的词是主动还是被动的关系。是主动,则是谓语,过去式。如果是被动的关系,则是后置定语,过去分词短语。如上面例句中,intended toreach agreement与communication是被动的关系,所以是过去分词短语做后置定语。

  (2)看句子中,是否有其他的谓语成分。一个句子中,只能有一个谓语成分,所以,如果该句已有了一个确定无疑的谓语,那么这个ed只能是过去分词短语了。如上面的例句中,is肯定是谓语,所以intended不能再是谓语了。

  2. Yet, a father accepting responsibility for behavior problems is linkedwith positive outcomes.

  结构分析:accepting responsibility for behavior problems是现在分词短语做father的后置定语。

  中文译文:一个接受行为问题责任的父亲是和正面的结果相联系的。

  3. Expeditioners heading south were issued with pamphlets listingfive-letter codes covering almost every conceivable situation so they couldcommunicate with their families and still keep within strict "word limits"during their year on base.

  结构分析:句子中Expeditioners heading south were issuedwith…是由一个定语从句简化而来的,即:Expeditioners which/that headed south were issuedwith---,由于which所指就expeditioners,即:主语相同;而which和head之间又是主动关系,所以,可以省略为一个带有动名词的短语.即:Expeditionersheading south were issued with- - -.

  同理,pamphlets listing five-letter codes covering almost every conceivablesituation都是由定语从句得来的,即:pamphlets that/which listed five-letter codes that/whichcovered almost every conceivablesituation,因为that/which所指的都是其前面的那个中心词,即:主语相同;而that/which和其前面的那个中心词之间又是主动关系,所以.可以省略一个带有动名词的短语。

  中文译文:往南走的探险者都发了小手册,其上有用5个字母表示的代码。这些代码涵盖了几乎每一种可以想象得到的情况。这样,这些探险者们就能够和他们的家人交流,并在谈话有限的悄况下.依然能够在基地坚持住。

 
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